BEHAVIOR THEORY OF MANAGEMENT

The classical theories viewed the organization from a mechanistic point of view. They placed emphasis on the design and performance of work and the process of the management. They had either ignored or over-simplified the human factor. In contrast Behavioral Theory(Behavioral approach) evolved in recognition of the importance of human behavior in organizations.Generally, behavior theory(approach) to management has two branches. The first branch is Human relations and second branch is Behavioral science theory.


(1) Human Relations Theory

The term human relations refers to the manner in which managers interact with subordinates. To develop good human relations, followers of his approach believe managers must know why their subordinates behave as they do and what psychological and social factors influence them. Human relationsts modified the classical theory by emphasizing the fact that organization is a social system and the human factor is the most important element within it.The human relations movement grew out of a famous series of studies known as Hawthrone experiments.

(2) Behavior Science Theory

Mayo and his colleagues pioneered the use of the scientific method in their studies of people in the work enviroment. Later researchers more rigiously trained in the behavioral sciences used more sophisticated research methods and became know as 'behavioral scientist'. Generally, behavioral science theory is the study of observable and verifiable human behavior in organizations, using scientific procedures.It is largely inductive and problem centered,focusing on the issue of human behavior and drawing from relevant literature, especially from psyocology, sociology, and anthropology. It focuseson group behavior and group relationships.