MEANING AND CONCEPT OF ORGANIZING

The term organizing means different things to different people. It is used widely to mean a structure of relationship, a process, a group of people, and a function of management. Organizing is the basic function of management. By organizing, a manager achieves organizational goals. Organization as a process integrates and coordinates the efforts of human, financial, technology and other resources. As a group of people organizing contributes their efforts towards attainment of common goals.

Once a manager has set goals and developed a workable plan, the next management function is to organize people and other resources necessary to carry out the plan. The organizing function creates a structure of task and authority relationships. It also involves assigning activities, dividing work into specific jobs and tasks, and specifying who has the authority to accomplish certain tasks. Another major aspect of organizing is grouping activities into departments or some other logical subdivision. In essence organizing is the process of creating organizational structure that enables the organization to function effectively as a cohesive whole.

According to Griffin, ''Organizing involves determining how activities and resources are to be grouped''.

In the words of Robbins and Coulter,'' Organizing involves the process of determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made.

From the above discussion, it makes clear that organization involves: identification and grouping of work, defining responsibility, delegation of authority, establishment of structural relationships, and coordination of interrelated activities.

Organizing is the process of creating organizational structure. Organizing consists of five basic elements. These are work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control and authority.