Wednesday, March 3, 2010

THE NATURE OF ORGANIZATION

THE NATURE OF ORGANIZATION
A. ORGANIZATION

Today, more and more people are employed by organization. We need so many services to sustain life, which are provided by them. Hence, organizations are processing units, which transform certain inputs from the environment into specified outputs desired by society. They have become instruments of work that produce essential goods and services for the greater society.


An organization comes into existence when there are a number of persons willing to contribute towards a common goal. It is a human associations for the attainment of a common goal. in an early definition, Chester Bernard (1938) labeled it ''a system of consciously coordinated activities of two or more persons.'' In the words of Money and Reily, ''Organization is the form of every human association for the attainment of a common goal.''

TYPES OF ORGANIZATION.

Organization may be classified on several bases such as size- small, medium, large, and giant, ownership- public, private, and joint, legal form- sole trading, partnership, joint stock company, cooperative society and multinational company. Organizations can be classified as follows on the basis of their objectives:

1. Business Organizations: They are formed for earning profits. they are mainly concerned with producing goods and services of value of the society. Companies, partnership firms, and sole trading firms are organized along these lines with profit motive.

2. Government Organizations: Such organizations are formed for the satisfaction of the people and their welfare. They are engaged in public services. They can be government departments, ministries and public corporations.

3. Service Organizations: Service organizations are voluntary organizations, which are formed for promoting social welfare activities in the country. they are non-profit social organizations such as schools, hospitals, social welfare agencies, etc. Their prime beneficiaries are the clients who come in the direct contact with the organization.

4.Commonweal Organizations: Such organizations include certain government departments, armed forces, police forces, fire fighting departments, post offices etc. The basic characteristics of such organizations is that the public at large is their beneficiary. Such organizations are governed on bureaucratic pattern.

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